ROLE OF GUT MICROBES IN GUT BRAIN AXIS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN AYURVEDA - A PILOT STUDY

Introduction: The gut-brain axis (GBA) refers to the communication between the central and the enteric nervous system in the wall of the GIT. This represents the links between emotional and cognitive centers of the brain with digestive functions. Studies have shown the significant role of gut microbiota in determining and modifying these interactions. Ayurveda and its approach to diagnosis and treatment is influenced by the status of digestive functions in the gut which harbours the gut microbes. Materials and Methods: Online databases including PubMed and Google scholar were searched for articles with keywords - gut brain axis and gut microbiome. A total of 19 articles were listed and 8 were selected from them based on their clarity of methodology, relevance and feasibility. A framework was developed after reviewing and organizing 8 articles, emphasizing the significance of Rukshana Chikitsa in Ayurveda for maintaining the regular functioning of the gut microbiome. These findings were validated using the tool which assesses rukshata-snigdhata in koshta among 10 participants undergoing takrapana and another group of 10 participants undergoing antibiotic therapy. Results and Discussion:73% of participants undergoing takrapana shows healthy koshta, whereas only 27% of participants undergoing antibiotic therapy show healthy koshta. Remaining participants showed increased rukshata in koshta. Koshta is an important part of clinical examination of patient in Ayurveda. The classification of koshta into mrudu, madyama and krura koshta represents a difference in the gut microbial environment. Conclusion: This article reviews the role of Ayurvedic principles like Agni, koshta and panchakarma chikitsa in the communication between the gut-microbiota and the brain through neural, endocrine and immune links as well as their influences on health and disease.